Materials

The material
is the deciding factor.

Cutting parameters, tooling, cooling, and the clamping concept are determined by the material. We document these parameters for each material to ensure results remain reproducible.

Material Expertise

Specialist in difficult-to-machine materials.

Whether a component can be manufactured economically is usually determined by the material. Titanium and nickel-based alloys require low cutting speeds and do not tolerate errors in the cooling strategy; aluminum allows for high feed rates but is prone to warping with thin wall thicknesses. We record cutting parameters, tool concepts, cooling strategies, and workholding for every approved material.

Al

Light Metal

Aluminum

High cutting speeds and feed rates possible; demanding for thin wall thicknesses and distortion.

Machinability

Good

Ti

Light Metal

Titanium

Maximum strength at low density, highly corrosion-resistant – and one of the most demanding materials in machining.

Machinability

difficult

X5

Steel

Stainless Steel

Corrosion-resistant and tough. Prone to work hardening, requires sharp cutting edges and stable processes.

Machinability

Moderate

S355 – S690QL

Steel

Fine-grained structural steel

High-strength fine-grained structural steels up to S690QL enable lightweight, high-load constructions—demanding during welding and machining.

Machinability

Moderate

42CrMo4 / C45

Steel

Quenched and Tempered Steel

Quenched and tempered steels like C45 and 42CrMo4 combine high strength with toughness – typical for shafts, gears, and high-load machine parts.

Machinability

Moderate

S235 / S355

Steel

Structural Steel

The standard material in steel construction and mechanical engineering: excellent weldability, good machinability, and cost-effective – from S235 to S355.

Machinability

Good

Ni

Superalloy

Nickel-Base Alloy

Heat-resistant and high-strength up into high temperature ranges. Low cutting parameters, high tool wear.

Machinability

very difficult

Typical Industry

Background

Why material knowledge matters

Four parameters determine tool life, surface finish, and costs. Those who know them for each material do not have to start from scratch with the next component.

P 01

Cutting parameters

Cutting speed and feed rate determine tool life and surface finish – documented for each material instead of estimated.

P 02

Tooling concept

Substrate, coating, and geometry are matched to the material, not to what is currently in stock.

P 03

Cooling strategy

Internal cooling, pressure, and volume determine process reliability for titanium and nickel-based alloys.

P 04

Clamping concept

Clamping forces must hold without deforming thin-walled components – this is determined in advance.

Manufacturing

Suitable processes

Complete Machining

Complete machining at FORMA: Turn-milling, 5-axis simultaneous, welded construction, and assembly – all from a single source.

CNC Milling

CNC milling at FORMA Maschinenbau: Milled parts up to 24 m length, 5-axis simultaneous machining, and 5-axis milling for single parts and series from the Münsterland region.

CNC Turning

CNC turning at FORMA: Turned parts up to 2,000 mm in length, simultaneous 5-axis machining with milling spindle, and an 80-pocket tool changer.

Machinery

Machines for every material

High spindle torque for titanium, high speeds for aluminum, and internal cooling for nickel-based alloys: our machinery covers both ends of the spectrum.

Inquiry

Is your material not listed?

Tell us the material and component. We will check whether we can rely on empirical data or if a machining trial is necessary.

Your contact person

Norbert Groß-Onnebrink

Executive Management
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